{"id":5274,"date":"2017-07-14T20:46:46","date_gmt":"2017-07-14T18:46:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/?p=5274"},"modified":"2017-07-19T13:37:49","modified_gmt":"2017-07-19T11:37:49","slug":"vyrocie-posviacky-baziliky-svateho-hrobu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/vyrocie-posviacky-baziliky-svateho-hrobu\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdro\u010die posviacky Baziliky sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_5275\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5275\" style=\"width: 150px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/vyrocie-posviacky-baziliky-svateho-hrobu\/maketa-kriziackej-baziliky\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-5275\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5275 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/maketa-kriz\u030ciackej-baziliky--150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5275\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Predpokladan\u00fd vzh\u013ead kri\u017eiackej Baziliky Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu zdroj: http:\/\/www.holysepulchre.custodia.org\/default.asp?id=4084<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>15. j\u00fal sa sl\u00e1vi ako v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00fd de\u0148 posviacky Baziliky Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00e1ja hlavn\u00e9 miesta smrti (Kalv\u00e1ria) a\u00a0zm\u0155tvychvstania (Sv\u00e4t\u00fd hrob) Je\u017ei\u0161a z\u00a0Nazeratu, Krista a\u00a0P\u00e1na. Bazilika Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu m\u00e1 azda najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161iu hist\u00f3riu zo svetov\u00fdch posv\u00e4tn\u00fdch kultov\u00fdch miest.<\/p>\n<p>Predstav\u00edme si len nieko\u013eko s\u00favislost\u00ed <!--more-->s\u00a0jej posv\u00e4ten\u00edm v\u00a0polovici 12. storo\u010dia. Pod\u013ea niektor\u00fdch historikov hlavn\u00fdm z\u00e1merom p\u00e1pe\u017ea Urbana II. (porov. Clermontsk\u00fd koncil), pri zvolan\u00ed prvej kri\u017eiackej v\u00fdpravy, bola hrozba pre Carihrad\/Kon\u0161tant\u00ednopol z tureckej inv\u00e1zie z Malej \u00c1zie v reakcii na v\u00fdzvu byzantsk\u00e9ho cis\u00e1ra Alexia I. Komnena. Historici v\u0161ak s\u00fahlasia s t\u00fdm, \u017ee osud Jeruzalema a\u00a0s\u00a0n\u00edm aj Kostol Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu vyvol\u00e1val obavy R\u00edma, nako\u013eko cestovanie kres\u0165ansk\u00fdch p\u00fatnikov na sv\u00e4t\u00e9 miesta stret\u00e1valo st\u00e1le v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie \u0165a\u017ekosti. Preto prv\u00e1 kri\u017eiacka v\u00fdprava (1095-1099), podnieten\u00e1 \u017eiados\u0165ou z\u00a0Byzancie, mala namieren\u00e9\u00a0 oslobodi\u0165 Baziliku Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu. Kri\u017eiacki rytieri oslobodili kostol z r\u00fak Fatimidovcov, zmasakrovali \u017eidov a\u00a0aj moslimov a\u00a0urobili z\u00a0mesta srdce svojho kr\u00e1\u013eovstva &#8211; 15. j\u00fala 1099.<\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00e1 kri\u017eiacka v\u00fdprava znamenala ozbrojen\u00fa p\u00fa\u0165 a \u017eiadny kri\u017eiak by ju nepova\u017eoval za \u00fapln\u00fa, ak by sa nepomodlil ako p\u00fatnik pri sv\u00e4tom hrobe. Kri\u017eiacky princ Godfrey z Bouillonu, ktor\u00fd sa stal prv\u00fdm kri\u017eiackym monarchom v Jeruzaleme, sa v\u0161ak rozhodol nepou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 titul \u201ekr\u00e1\u013e\u201c (contra kri\u017eiacky kronik\u00e1r mn\u00edch R\u00f3bert), ale vyhl\u00e1sil sa za \u201eOchrancu Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu\u201c <em>(Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri)<\/em>; \u00fadajne ob\u010das naz\u00fdvan\u00fd aj princ, \u010di <em>dux<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/vyrocie-posviacky-baziliky-svateho-hrobu\/holysepulchre4\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-5281\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-5281 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/holysepulchre4.-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>William z Tiru, kronik\u00e1r Jeruzalemsk\u00e9ho kri\u017eiackeho kr\u00e1\u013eovstva, zaregistroval obnovu kostola v polovici 12. storo\u010dia. Kri\u017eiaci \u00fadajne presk\u00famali v\u00fdchodn\u00e9 ruiny chr\u00e1mu, vykopali sutiny a pri pokuse o dosiahnutie ve\u013ekej cisterny (pod podlahou chr\u00e1mu) objavili \u010das\u0165 p\u00f4vodnej \u00farovne priestoru Hadri\u00e1novho chr\u00e1mu. Rozhodli sa premeni\u0165 tento priestor na kaplnku venovan\u00fa Helene (dnes Kaplnka sv\u00e4tej Heleny) a roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 p\u00f4vodn\u00fd pracovn\u00fd tunel na schodisko. Kri\u017eiaci za\u010dali pretv\u00e1ra\u0165 chr\u00e1m \u2013 ktor\u00fd bol u\u017e v\u00a0r. 1048 obnoven\u00fd Kon\u0161tant\u00ednom IX. Monomachom \u2013 do rom\u00e1nskeho \u0161t\u00fdlu a pridali zvoni\u010dku. Kri\u017eiacka rekon\u0161trukcia chr\u00e1mu zjednotila jednotliv\u00e9 mal\u00e9 kaplnky a\u00a0bola dokon\u010den\u00e1 po\u010das panovania kr\u00e1\u013eovnej Melisendy Jeruzalemskej (1105-1161; [1131-1153]) v roku 1149 a prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t umiestnili v\u0161etky posv\u00e4tn\u00e9 miesta pod jednu strechu. Kri\u017eiaci posv\u00e4tili kostol 15. j\u00fala 1149. Bolo to jednak na 50. v\u00fdro\u010die oslobodenia Jeruzalema, jednak na 100. v\u00fdro\u010die Monomachovej rekon\u0161trukcie.<br \/>\n15. j\u00fal sa sl\u00e1vi ako v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00fd de\u0148 posv\u00e4tenia chr\u00e1mu v\u00a0obnovenom liturgickom kalend\u00e1ri Kust\u00f3die Sv\u00e4tej zeme.<\/p>\n<p><em>Kri\u017eiacka renov\u00e1cia Chr\u00e1mu Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu<\/em>. Kri\u017eiaci za\u010dali pracova\u0165 na reorganiz\u00e1cii r\u00f4znych \u010dast\u00ed len ned\u00e1vno obnovenej sv\u00e4tyne v srdci kres\u0165anstva. Na prisp\u00f4sobenie sv\u00e4tyne latinskej liturgii sa v oblasti b\u00fdval\u00e9ho Triportika vytvoril ch\u00f3r <em>Dominorum<\/em>, ktor\u00fd sa spojil s Anast\u00e1zis, v ktorej dovtedy sl\u00fa\u017eila liturgiu latinsk\u00e1 cirkev. \u010eal\u0161ou d\u00f4le\u017eitou \u00fapravou bola v\u00fdstavba Kaplnky sv. Heleny v oblasti, kde pod\u013ea dodnes roz\u0161\u00edrenej Jeruzalemskej trad\u00edcie, Kon\u0161tant\u00ednova matka na\u0161la prav\u00fd kr\u00ed\u017e.<br \/>\nZ\u00e1merom kri\u017eiakov bolo vytvori\u0165 jednotn\u00fd kostol, ktor\u00fd by zoskupil v\u0161etky jednotliv\u00e9 miesta, kde sa sl\u00e1vili d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pamiatky, a\u00a0tak by vlastne nov\u00fd chr\u00e1m poskytol formu, ktor\u00e1 by umo\u017enila prij\u00edmanie tis\u00edcov p\u00fatnikov.<br \/>\nPo\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 za vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1\u013ea Baldwina (1100-1118) boli charakterizovan\u00e9 r\u00f4znorodos\u0165ou pou\u017eit\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych rom\u00e1nskych \u0161t\u00fdlov. V priebehu \u010dasu sa dosiahla v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia jednota v \u0161t\u00fdle, a to predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v\u010faka umelcom, ktor\u00ed pracovali pre kr\u00e1\u013ea Baldwina III. (1140-1150).<\/p>\n<p>Bazilika Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu, ktor\u00e1 sa zachovala a\u017e dodnes, na\u010falej odr\u00e1\u017ea rom\u00e1nsky kr\u00ed\u017eov\u00fd \u0161t\u00fdl, ktor\u00fd zhroma\u017edil do jedinej komplikovanej stavby posv\u00e4tn\u00e9 spomienky spojen\u00e9 s Kristovou smr\u0165ou a zm\u0155tvychvstan\u00edm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>15. j\u00fal sa sl\u00e1vi ako v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00fd de\u0148 posviacky Baziliky Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00e1ja hlavn\u00e9 miesta smrti (Kalv\u00e1ria) a\u00a0zm\u0155tvychvstania (Sv\u00e4t\u00fd hrob) Je\u017ei\u0161a z\u00a0Nazeratu, Krista a\u00a0P\u00e1na. Bazilika Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho hrobu m\u00e1 azda najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161iu hist\u00f3riu zo svetov\u00fdch posv\u00e4tn\u00fdch kultov\u00fdch miest. Predstav\u00edme si len nieko\u013eko s\u00favislost\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,28],"tags":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"it","enabled_languages":["sk","en","it"],"languages":{"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5274"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5274"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5314,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5274\/revisions\/5314"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}