{"id":5504,"date":"2017-10-24T12:52:28","date_gmt":"2017-10-24T10:52:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/?p=5504"},"modified":"2017-11-18T20:16:21","modified_gmt":"2017-11-18T18:16:21","slug":"30-nedela-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/30-nedela-a\/","title":{"rendered":"30. nede\u013ea &#8220;A&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ex 22,20-26 <\/strong>(prv\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie, 30. <a href=\"https:\/\/lc.kbs.sk\/?den=20171022\">ned. A<\/a>) \u2013 tri\u00e1da marginalizovan\u00fdch<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5514\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5514\" style=\"width: 150px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/30-nedela-a\/k-kolwitz-vdovy-a-siroty-1919\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-5514\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5514 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http:\/\/www.blazejstrba.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/K.-KOLWITZ-Vdovy-a-siroty-1919-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5514\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vdovy a siroty (K. Kolwitz, 1919)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Biblick\u00e9 prv\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie je kr\u00e1tka sta\u0165 z Knihy Exodus, s ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm posolstvom. Sta\u0165 Ex <a href=\"https:\/\/dkc.kbs.sk\/?in=Ex22,20-26\">20,20-26<\/a> sa nach\u00e1dza v tzv. Sinajskej perikope (a e\u0161te presnej\u0161ie v stati 19,1\u201324,18, ktor\u00e1 opisuje Bo\u017eie prik\u00e1zania, <!--more-->\u010fal\u0161ie nariadenia a uzatvorenie zmluvy). Sinajsk\u00e1 perikopa stoj\u00ed v samom strede knihy Exodus a tvor\u00ed tak k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd bod pre Moj\u017ei\u0161ovsk\u00fa vieru. Teologick\u00e9 t\u00e9my tejto state s\u00fa \u00fazko a nerozdelene spojen\u00e9 s udalos\u0165ou oslobodenia Izraelitov \u2013 s exodom (19,4; <a href=\"https:\/\/dkc.kbs.sk\/?in=Ex20,1-2\">20,1<\/a>). Boh, ktor\u00fd komunikuje svoje prik\u00e1zania v\u0161etk\u00fdm priamo (20,1-17; 21,1-23,19), je ten ist\u00fd Boh, ktor\u00fd ich oslobodil. Nemo\u017eno spr\u00e1vne pochopi\u0165 \u017eiadne z prik\u00e1zan\u00ed, ak sa odtrhne od kontextu, v ktorom Izraeliti boli najprv v egyptskom otroctve, potom vysloboden\u00ed P\u00c1NOM a napokon s n\u00edm dobrovo\u013ene uzavreli zmluvu.<\/p>\n<p>Sta\u0165 je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou k\u00f3dexu zmluvy a\u00a0nadmieru chr\u00e1ni tri\u00e1du ubieden\u00fdch os\u00f4b: cudzinca, sirotu a vdovu. Izraelsk\u00e1 citlivos\u0165 a\u00a0z\u00e1konodarn\u00e9 zabezpe\u010denie t\u00fdchto \u013eud\u00ed m\u00e1 svoj p\u00f4vod v pam\u00e4ti exodu (vv. 21-24) \u2013 kto trpel pon\u00ed\u017eenie a\u00a0otroctvo, mus\u00ed s\u00e1m zabra\u0148ova\u0165 poni\u017eovaniu slab\u00fdch. T\u00fdchto p\u00e1r z\u00e1konodarn\u00fdch ver\u0161ov pozost\u00e1va z <em>dvoch negat\u00edvnych<\/em> pr\u00edkazov (vv. <a href=\"https:\/\/dkc.kbs.sk\/?in=Ex22,21-22\">21-22<\/a>), za ktor\u00fdmi nasleduje interpreta\u010dn\u00fd koment\u00e1r.<\/p>\n<p>Prv\u00fd z\u00e1kaz chr\u00e1ni rezidentov cudzincov<strong> \u2013 \u201eCudzinca nebude\u0161 nap\u00e1da\u0165 a\u00a0utl\u00e1\u010da\u0165\u201c<\/strong> (v. 21). Ide o trval\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov v komunite, ktor\u00ed nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne ob\u010dianske pr\u00e1va, a preto s\u00fa ohrozovan\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdmi druhmi soci\u00e1lneho tlaku. Druh\u00fd z\u00e1kaz chr\u00e1ni vdovy a\u00a0siroty: <strong>\u201eVdove a\u00a0sirote nebudete krivdi\u0165!\u201c<\/strong> (v. 22). Musia sa chr\u00e1ni\u0165 t\u00ed Izraeliti v komunite, ktor\u00ed stratili mu\u017esk\u00e9ho obhajcu a ochrancu, a s\u00fa tak vystaven\u00ed nekone\u010dnej soci\u00e1lnej hrozbe.<\/p>\n<p>Tieto dva pr\u00edkazy spolo\u010dne ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee u\u017e skor\u00e9 izraelitsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo osobitne ochra\u0148ovalo soci\u00e1lne obmedzen\u00fdch a zranite\u013en\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed; stalo sa pr\u00e1vnym princ\u00edpom, \u017ee oni musia by\u0165 z\u00e1konom chr\u00e1nen\u00ed. Treba pripomen\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee to boli skupiny \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed sa do nepriaznivej situ\u00e1cie nedostali vlastnou vo\u013ebou, ale \u017eivotn\u00fdmi ne\u0161\u0165astiami, \u010di spolo\u010densk\u00fdm \u00fatlakom. Ne\u0161lo teda o \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed by si svoj status najprv vymysleli a potom pr\u00e1vne zadefinovali.<\/p>\n<p>Oba pr\u00edkazy s\u00fa od\u00f4vodnen\u00e9 dvoma motivuj\u00facimi koment\u00e1rmi. Prv\u00fd m\u00e1 priate\u013esk\u00fd charakter <strong>\u2013 <\/strong>apeluje na trad\u00edciu exodu. Ke\u010f\u017ee Izrael bol vo svojom \u0165a\u017ekom obdob\u00ed \u00fatlaku chr\u00e1nen\u00fd, mus\u00ed sa aj on s\u00e1m sta\u0165 ochrancom t\u00fdch, \u010do s\u00fa utl\u00e1\u010dan\u00ed (<a href=\"https:\/\/dkc.kbs.sk\/?in=Dt10,19-20\">Dt 10,19<\/a>). Druh\u00fd motivuj\u00faci koment\u00e1r v podstate tie\u017e vych\u00e1dza z\u00a0egyptskej sk\u00fasenosti, ale ove\u013ea viac varuje aj pred akouko\u013evek malou chu\u0165ou zneu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 spomenut\u00e9 slab\u00e9 osoby. To by vzbudilo Bo\u017e\u00ed hnev, a jeho trest v\u00fdre\u010dne hovor\u00ed, \u017ee ak by Izraeliti tieto osoby nechr\u00e1nili, Boh sprav\u00ed z nich sam\u00fdch tak\u00fdchto biednych. Motiv\u00e1cia je postaven\u00e1 na tom, \u010di by Izraeliti chceli by\u0165 v\u00a0 takejto ko\u017ei.<\/p>\n<p>Sme v\u00f4bec v na\u0161ej spolo\u010dnosti schopn\u00ed vc\u00edti\u0165 a v\u017ei\u0165 sa do ko\u017ee slab\u00fdch a utl\u00e1\u010dan\u00fdch, a t\u00fdch, \u010do s\u00fa obe\u0165ami spolo\u010dnosti a postavi\u0165 sa na ich ochranu?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ex 22,20-26 (prv\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie, 30. ned. A) \u2013 tri\u00e1da marginalizovan\u00fdch Biblick\u00e9 prv\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie je kr\u00e1tka sta\u0165 z Knihy Exodus, s ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm posolstvom. Sta\u0165 Ex 20,20-26 sa nach\u00e1dza v tzv. Sinajskej perikope (a e\u0161te presnej\u0161ie v stati 19,1\u201324,18, ktor\u00e1 opisuje Bo\u017eie prik\u00e1zania,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"en","enabled_languages":["sk","en","it"],"languages":{"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5504"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5504"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5506,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5504\/revisions\/5506"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blazejstrba.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}